“The fuel situation, as long predicted by the Wehrmacht military economic war office, was rapidly approaching a critical point. By early 1942, it would not be the Russian mud but the exhaustion of German’s petrol supplies that would ensure the “complete paralysis of the army”. In the event by dipping into the Wehrmacht’s operational fuel reserve and by throttling consumption, the army retained its mobility. The navy was not so fortunate. In November 1941 the fuel oil situation of both the Italian and German navies was described by the Wehrmacht as “catastrophic”. In May 1941 the Royal Navy had sunk the battleship Bismarck as it made a futile bid to escape into the Atlantic shipping lanes. By the autumn the rest of Germany’s surface fleet was confined to harbour, not only by the British but also by the chronic lack of fuel.”
Adam Tooze “The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of The Nazi Economy” Penguin Books 2006
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